Glossary

Community A group or class of people having common interests, likeness, or identity. Communities include educational, professional, academic, governmental, descendant, and local. Communities are not discrete in that they can and do overlap. For example, members of a descendant community may also be part of the educational and the professional communities.

Community-based archaeology A partnership established between professional archaeologists and nonarchaeologists in order to develop more meaningful public interpretation and programming. In this relationship, archaeologists not only study communities as part of their research agenda, but also include substantive input from community members in all phases of planning, research, and interpretation.

Cultural heritage A collection of social, cultural, scientific, archaeological, architectural, historical, artistic, spiritual, or religious values, unique and nonrenewable, attributed to tangibles and intangibles associated with objects, sites, landscapes, structures, or natural features.

Cultural resource Similar and often synonymous with

Cultural heritage, sometimes used to refer to cultural and legal aspects of properties and sites. heritage tourism The travel, visitation, and economic activities directed at and associated with an area’s cultural heritage, recreational resources, and natural resources.

ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites) An international nongovernmental organization of professionals (e. g., architects, historians, archaeologists, art historians, geographers, anthropologists, engineers, and town planners), dedicated to the conservation of the world’s historic monuments and sites, as well as promoting the application of theory, methodology, and scientific techniques to the conservation of the architectural and archaeological heritage. Its work is based on the principles enshrined in the 1964 International Charter on the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites (the Venice Charter).

ICOMOS Ename Charter on Interpretation of Cultural Heritage Sites (Ename Charter) An initiative of the Ename (East Flanders, Belgium) Center for Public Archaeology and Heritage Presentation, adopted by ICOMOS, to define the basic objectives and principles of site interpretation in relation to authenticity, intellectual integrity, social responsibility, and respect for cultural significance and context. public archaeology Commonly refers to archaeological

Activities that are publicly funded or directed. Sometimes used to

Refer to compliance-driven archaeological work (cultural resource management or CRM), as well as activities that are oriented toward public understanding and participation. stakeholder Any person or group that can claim a social, economic, cultural, scientific, archaeological, historical, artistic, spiritual, religious, or community connection to cultural resources and heritage.