General histories of Canadian Aboriginal people include; Olive Patricia Dickason, Canada’s First Nations: A History of Founding Peoples from Earliest Times (1997); J. R. Miller, Skyscrapers Hide the Heavens: A History of Indian-White Relations in Canada (2000); and Arthur J. Ray, I Have Lived Here Since the World Began: An Illustrated History of Canada’s Native People (1996). An excellent historical geographical overview is available in R. Cole Harris (ed.). Historical Atlas of Canada,’Voume 1 (1987).
Regional overviews are available in Bruce G. Trigger and Wilcomb E. Wasburn (editors). The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas, Volume 1 (Part 2) (1996). Archaeological and ethnographic surveys for all of the major culture areas except the plains region are provided in William Sturtevant (general editor), Smithsonian Handbook ofNorth American Indians, Wolumes 3 (the Subarctic), 5 (the Northeast), 7 (the Northwest Coast), 12 (the Plateau), and 15 (the Arctic). For an historical geographical perspective of the Great Lakes area see, Helen H. Tanner (editor). Atlas of Great Lakes Indian History (1987). A good overview of the western interior is provided by Sarah Carter, Aboriginal people and colonizers of Western Canada to 1900 (1999).
Insightful Aboriginal perspectives about aspects of the contact experience are available from Howard Adams, Prison of Grass: Canada from a Native Point of View (1989); Freda Ahenakew and H. C. Wolfart (editors), Kdhkominawak Ota~cimowiniwa~wa—Our Grandmothers’ Lives, As Told in Their Own Words (1992); Keith Thor Carlson, You Are Asked to Witness: the St6:lo in Canada’s Pacific Coast History (1997); Ella Clark, Indian Legends of Canada (1960); Julie Cruickshank, Life Lived Like a Story: Life Stories of Three Yukon Native Elders (1990); Julie Cruickshank, Reading Voices: Dan Dhd Ts’edinintth’I: Oral and Written Interpretations of the Yukon’s Past (1991); Penny Petrone, Native Literature in Canada: From Oral Tradition to the Present (1990)-, and Ruth Holmes Whitehead, The Old Man Told Us: Fxcerpts from Micmac History, 1500-1950 (1991).
There are many excellent regional histories of the involvement of Aboriginal people with European explorers, fur traders, and early missionaries. These studies also consider how these entanglements affected intertribal relations. For the Beothuk see A History and Ethnography of the Beothuk (1996). The Mi’kmaq experience is explored in Alfred Goldsworth Bailey, The Conflict of European and Eastern Algonkian Cultures (1969) and Leslie Francis Stokes Upton, Micmacs and Colonists: Indian—White Relations in the Maritimes (1979). The participation of the Iroquoian speakers is examined in Carol Blackburn, Harvest of Souls: The Jesuit Missions and Colonialism in North America, 1632-1650 (2000); Conrad Heidenreich, Huronia: A History and Geography of the Huron Indians, 1600-1650 (1971); Cornelius J. Jaenen Friend and Foe (1976); Bruce G. Trigger, The Children of Aatientsic: A History of the Huron People to 1660 (1976); and Bruce G. Trigger, Natives and Newcomers: Canada’s “Heroic Age” Reconsidered (1985). The changing relationship of the Anishinabe with the Iroquois is investigated in Peter S. Schmalz, The Ojibwa of Southern Ontario (1991).
The key studies of the central and western Subarctic and Plains people are Kerry Abel, Drum Songs: Glimpses of Dene History (1993); Charles A. Bishop, The Northern Ojibwa and the Fur Trade: An Historical and Ecological Study (1974); Kenneth Coates, Best Left As Indians: Native-White Relations in the Yukon Territory, 1840-1950 (1984); Daniel Francis and Toby Morantz, Partners in Furs: A History of the Fur Trade in Eastern James Bay, 1600-1879 (1983); Laura Peers, The Ojibwa of Western Canada (1994); Arthur J. Ray, Indians in the Fur Trade (1998); and Arthur J. Ray and Donald B. Freeman, Give Us Good Measure: An Economic Analysis of Relations Between the Indians and the Hudson’s Bay Company before 1763 (1978).
Extensive discussions of early contact on the Pacific slope are included in Robin Fisher, Contact and Conflict:
Indian-European Relations in British Columbia, 1774-1890 (1992); Robert Galois, Kwakwaka’wakw Settlements, 1775—1920 (1994); James R. Gibson, Otter Skins, Boston Ships, and China Goods: The Maritime Fur Trade of the Northwest Coast, 1785-1841 (1992); Erna Gunther, Indian Life on the Northwest Coast of North America, As Seen by the Early Explorers and Fur Traders during the Last Decades of the Eighteenth Century {1972); Richard Mackie, Trading Beyond the Mountains: The British fur Trade on the Pacific, 1793-1843 (1997); and Dianne Newell, Tangled Webs of History: Indians and the Law in Canada's Pacific Coast Fisheries (1993).
Histories of social dimensions of contact and the emergence of the Metis are available in Jennifer Brown, Strangers In Blood: Fur Trade Company Families in Indian Country (1980); Jacqueline Peterson and Jennifer S. H. Brown (editors), The New Peoples: Being and Becoming Metis in North America (1984); D. Bruce Sealey and Antoine fussier. The Metis: Canada’s Forgotten People (1994); and Sylvia Van Kirk, Many Tender Ties: Women in Fur Trade Society in Western Canada (1980). For a glimpse of Prairie Metis life, see Guihlaume Charette, Vanishing Spaces: Memoirs of a Prairie Metis (1980).
Histories of Native involvement in European struggles for control of eastern North America are provided by Robert S. Allen, His Majesty’s Indian Allies: British Indian Policy in the Defence of Canada, 1774-1815 (1992); Cohn G. Calloway, Crown and Calumet: British-Indian Relations, 1783-1815 (1987); and Francis Jennings, The Ambiguous Iroquois Empire {1984).
World History
