One-quarter of the population are native-born Andorrans; the remainder are largely French and Spanish immigrants.
Mountains of western Dagestan, a republic in southwestern Russia. Their dialects are classified as part of the North-East (Dagestanian) branch of North Caucasic and closely related to the dialects of the neighboring Didos. A related language known as Avarish is used for writing (see Avars). Among the peoples considered part of the Andian linguistic family are the Andis proper, as well as the Akhvakhs, Bagulals, Botlikhs, Chamalals, Godoberis, Karatas, and Tindis, each tribe with its own traditions.
As is the case with other Caucasians, the Andis are considered indigenous to the region and have probably maintained tribal identity since the second millennium b. c.e. Over the centuries they have been influenced by the many invading peoples from both Europe and Asia in their homeland.
The economic life of the Andis and related tribes throughout much of their history has revolved around the raising of livestock, including sheep, goats, cattle, oxen, and horses. Terracing has allowed some farming for those communities in the rugged highlands, especially around the Andi-Koisu River, where wheat, rye, and flax are the main crops. They have maintained traditional extended family structures, as well as a village assemblies and councils of elders.
The Andis are primarily Muslims, islam was introduced to the region by Arabs in the eighth to ninth centuries. Animist influences persist, however. (Andi women are known for the sewing of black woolen burkas, female garments covering the entire body with holes for the eyes, typically worn by Muslim women.) For part of their history, some among the Andis also practiced Christianity
In 1991 Dagestan, consisting of 19 different ethnic groups, became a republic within Russia and subsequently a member of the Russian Federation.
See also Russians: nationality.
World History
