Hussites were adherents of Utraquism (so named from the Latin sub utraque specie, of both kinds)
Religion
Because they demanded to take wine from the chalice as well as the wafer of the host during the Eucharist. In this doctrine, they did not view themselves as breaking away from Catholicism. On the contrary, Hussites thought that having the eucharistic wine aligned them with the traditions of the early church in its purer form. The Council of Basel, in fact, allowed them the wine, but this decision was not ratified by the pope. Lutherans differed from Calvinists and Zwinglians in the belief that during the Eucharist the wine and bread were transformed into the blood and body of Christ (in a variation of Catholic doctrine). Calvinists and Zwinglians did not believe that the wine and bread were actually transformed. The Zwinglians split with Luther on their interpretation of the Eucharist, which Zwingli said was merely commemorative (a doctrine called sacramentarianism at the time). Calvinism was a severe form of Protestantism that demanded church attendance, forbade most worldly pleasures, and emphasized the doctrine of predestination. Anabaptists, who included several sects, required adults to be baptized, even those who had been baptized as infants. Each sect had specific doctrinal rules. The Swiss Brethren, for example, had no association with secular government, believed in the Zwinglian form of the Eucharist, permitted only adherents who had been rebaptized to partake of it, and abstained from all secular pleasures. Anglican theology was the closest to Catholicism of any Protestant sect, and the Church of England was considered a middle road between the two main ideologies. The Book of Common Prayer was carefully worded in its doctrine so as not to subvert the Eucharist or other sacraments. What was subverted was the supremacy of the pope as head of the church, a political change rather than a religious revolution.
World History
