Beneral History and References

Barraclough, G. The Origins of Modem Germany. New York: Norton, 1984.

Bunson, Matthew. Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages. New York: Facts on File, 1995.

CoUins, Roger. Early Medieval Europe, 300—1000. New York: St. Martin’s, 1991.

Duby, Georges. France in the Middle Ages, 987—1460. Translated by Juliet Vale. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell, 1991.

Hollister, C. Warren. The Making of England, 55 B. c. to 1399. 6th ed. Lexington, Mass.: D. C. Heath, 1992.

Hyde, J. K. Society and Politics in Medieval Italy. New York: St. Martin’s, 1973.

Jordan, William Chester, ed. The Middle Ages: An Encyclopedia for Children. New York: Scribner, 1996.

Kibler, William W., et al., eds. Medieval France: An Encyclopedia. New York: Garland, 1995.

Le GofF, Jacques. Medieval Civilization, 400-1500. Translated by Julia Barrow. New York: Blackwell, 1988.

Nicholas, David. The Evolution of the Medieval World: Society, Government, and Thought in Europe, 312—1500. New York: Longman, 1992.

-. Medieval Flanders. New York;

Longman, 1992.

O’Callaghan, Joseph F. A History of Medieval Spain. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1975.

Power, Eileen. Medieval People. New York; Harper & Row, 1963.

Pulsiano, Phillip, et al., eds. Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia. New York: Garland, 1993

Riche, Pierre. Daily Lfe in the World of Charlemagne. Translated by Jo Ann McNamara. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1978.

Strayer, Joseph R., ed. Dictionary of the Middle Ages. New York: Scribner, 1982-89.

Szarmach, Paul E., M. Teresa Tavormina, andjoel T. Rosenthal. Medieval England: An Encyclopedia. New York: Garland, 1998.