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4-08-2015, 08:20

Arnulf of Chocques (d. 1118)

Latin patriarch of Jerusalem (1099 and 1112-1118).

Allegedly the son of a priest, Arnulf was in minor orders when he accompanied Duke Robert Curthose of Normandy on the First Crusade (1096-1099). He was related to Siger and Gunfrid, lords of Chocques (diocese of Therouanne), who are both known as landholders in England in 1086. A learned man and gifted popular preacher, he had been tutor to Robert’s sister Cecilia, abbess of Caen.

Despite his lack of a bishopric, Arnulf was elected patriarch of Jerusalem on 1 August 1099. Subsequently Daibert of Pisa, Adhemar’s successor as legate, refused to ratify Arnulf’s election and assumed the patriarchate himself. Compensated with the office of archdeacon, Arnulf served three patriarchs before being elected patriarch for the second time in 1112. He was close to King Baldwin I of Jerusalem, whom he advised in secular as well as religious affairs, although he had his detractors, who complained of his moral turpitude. His arrangement of Baldwin’s bigamous marriage to Adelaide of Sicily led to his deposition in 1115; the price of his reinstatement by Pope Paschal II was the annulment of this marriage (in 1117).

Arnulf loyally and capably served the nascent kingdom of Jerusalem and its Latin clergy (to the detriment of the Greek Orthodox), but in sacrificing Adelaide he provoked the lasting hostility of Sicily, the nearest Western power to Out-remer. He helped ensure the succession of Baldwin II in 1118 and died soon afterward.

-K. S. B. Keats-Rohan

See also: Jerusalem, Patriarchate of

Bibliography

Douglas, D., “The Domesday Tenant of Hawling,”

Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society 84 (1965), 28-30.

Foreville, Raymonde, “Un chef de la premiere croisade:

Arnoul Malecouronne,” Bulletin historique etphilologique du Comite des travaux historiques (1954-1955), 382-385.

Hamilton, Bernard, The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church (London: Variorum, 1980).

Keats-Rohan, K. S. B., Domesday People: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents 1066-1166 (Woodbridge, UK: Boydell, 1998).

Murray, Alan V., The Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: A Dynastic History, 1099-1125 (Oxford: Prosopographica et Genealogica, 2000).

Richard, Jean, “Quelques textes sur les premiers temps de l’eglise Latin de Jerusalem,” in Recueil des Travaux offerts a M. Clovis Brunel, 2 vols. (Paris: Societe de l’Ecole de Chartes, 1955), 2:420-430.



 

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