Anderson, William. Castles of Europe: From Charlemagne to the Renaissance. Photographs by Wim Swaan. London: Elek, 1970. A general discussion with excellent images by one of the world’s great architectural photographers.
Boase, T. S.R. Castles and Churches of the Crusading Kingdom. London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1967. The classic study of crusader architecture including both religious and secular architecture, travelers’ accounts, and Jerusalem itself.
Brown, R. Allen. The Architecture of Castles: A Visual Guide. New York: Facts on File, 1984. A brief but useful survey.
-. Castles from the Air. Cambridge, UK, and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989. Use of aerial photography in archeology. Excellent images; published in the series “Cambridge Air Surveys.”
The Chateaux of France. Edited by Daniel Wheeler. An Hachette-Vendome Book. New York: Vendome Press, 1979. Primarily photographs; good, succinct introductions.
Colvin, Howard M., A. J. Talor, and R. A. Brown. A History of the King’s Works. London: H. M. Stationary Office, 1963-82. A multivolume study with extensive documentation of buildings built and financed by kings.
Coulson, Charles L. Castles in Medieval Society, Fortresses in England, France and Ireland in the Central Middle Ages. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. A new interpretation of castles as impressive residences and only secondarily as military architecture; a discussion of the role of women and children; extensive and thorough documentation.
Creighton, Oliver. Castles and Landscapes. London and New York: Continuum, 2002. A new approach to castles and their sites influenced by new studies in the history of landscape architecture; the impact of castles on the countryside.
Creighton, Oliver, and Robert Higham. Medieval Castles. Shire, 2003. A concise survey of castles of England and Wales, including a discussion of their residential and military functions, as seen in the archeology of the sites.
Emery, Anthony. Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales, 1300-1500. Vol. 1, Northern England. Vol. 2, East Anglia, Central England, and Wales. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Vol. 3 in progress. A comprehensive survey of English and Welsh houses, 1300-1500, including the history of the building and current research on the site; in the context of social history (e. g., the elite residence); biography (e. g., John of Gaunt); and includes pithy, thematic essays (e. g., the trophy house).
Erlande-Brandenburg, Alain. Cathedrals and Castles, Building in the Middle Ages, Discoveries Series. Translated by Rosemary Stonehewer. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1995. Originally published by Gallimard, in Paris, 1993.
Fedden, Robin, and John Thomson. Crusader Castles. London: J. Murray, 1957. Includes some lesser-known examples.
Fernie, Eric. The Architecture of Norman England. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. An excellent survey of the traditions and innovations of Nor-
Man architects in England; studies of individual building types such as castles, halls, and churches.
Gies, Joseph, and Frances Gies. Life in a Medieval Castle. New York: Harper & Row, 1979. Daily life as experienced in Chepstow Castle in Wales.
Higham, R., and P. Barker. Timber Castles. London: Batsford, 1992. A thorough discussion of an often overlooked subject.
Hindley, Geoffrey. Castles of Europe. Feltham, UK: Hamlyn, 1968. A comprehensive survey in the series “Great Buildings of the World.”
Johnson, Matthew. Behind the Castle Gate; From Medieval to Renaissance. London and New York: Routledge, 2002. Reviews castle studies 1350-1600; joins the debate over military versus social use of castles; argues that castles built between 1350 and 1600 succeed as “stage settings”; relates castles to social function; close analysis of layout and use.
Johnson, Paul. Castles of England, Scotland and Wales. London: Seven Dials, 2000. An excellent concise survey, including eighteenth - and nineteenth-century neomedieval castles.
Kennedy, Hugh. Crusader Castles. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1994. The architecture and history of Christian crusader castles from 1099 to 1291; the castles of the Templars and Hospitalers; and a comparison with Muslim fortifications.
Kenyon, John R. Medieval Fortifications. Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1990.
Kenyon, John R., and Richard Avent, eds. Castles in Wales and the Marches: Essays in Honour of Cathcart King. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1987. Fortifications on the border between England and Wales.
King, D. J. Cathcart. The Castle in England and Wales: An Interpretative History. London: Croom Helm, 1988. Emphasis on the military aspects of English and Welsh castles, with special attention to problems of defense.
Le Page, Jean-Denis G. G. Castles and Fortified Cities of Medieval Europe, an Illustrated History. Jefferson, NC, and London: McFarland & Company, 2002. A chronological survey of castles and cities throughout Europe, including many unusual examples, illustrated with drawings by the author.
Liddiard, Robert, ed. Anglo-Norman Castles. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: Boydell Press, 2003. Nineteen important essays by leading scholars, including John Blair, R. Allen Brown, Majorie Chibnall, Charles Coulson, Richard Eales, and T. A. Heslop, in-depth studies that redefine the social and architec-
Tural history of castles from the eleventh century to the middle of the thirteenth century.
Macaulay, David. Castle. London: William Collins, Sons, 1977. Drawings illustrating construction; based on Harlech.
Mesqui, Jean. Chateaux et Enceintes de la France Medievale. 2 vols. Paris, 1991-93. Text in French; however, excellent drawings and photographs make this a useful reference work.
Molin, Kristian. Unknown Crusader Castles. New York and London: Hambledon and London, 2001. A comparison of the castles of the eastern Mediterranean including castles built in Cypres, Armenia, and Greece; includes military and nonmilitary uses of castles.
Morshead, Owen. Windsor Castle. 2nd rev. ed. London: Phaidon Press, 1957. A historical survey of a single castle with emphasis on social history.
Muller-Wiener, Wolfgang. Castles of the Crusaders. Photographs by A. F. Kerst-ing. Translated from German by J. Maxwell Brownjohn. London: Thames and Hudson; New York and Toronto: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1966. A broad survey, useful for its inclusion of castles in Greece.
Oman, Charles. Castles. New York: Beekman House, 1978. A classic study; this edition is based on the author’s 1924-25 work.
Platt, Colin. The Castle in Medieval England and Wales. London: Secker & Warburg, 1982. The castle in its social context, 1066-1485 in England, to 1536 in Wales.
Pounds, N. J.G. The Medieval Castle in England and Wales: A Social and Political History. Cambridge, UK, and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990. Social conditions, politics, and government, 1066-1485.
Renn, D. F. Norman Castles in Britain. London: John Baker Publishers; New York: Humanities Press, 1968. Brief historical overview, followed by a complete gazeteer, locating and describing in a unique code all the castles and remains of castles in the British Isles built before the reign of Henry III.
Reyerson, Cathryn, and Faye Poe, eds. The Medieval Castle: Romance and Reality. Medieval Studies at Minnesota. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt, 1984. Castles in literature and art.
Ritter, Raymond. LArchitecture Militaire du Moyen Age. Paris: Fayard, 1974. A very useful survey of French castles from the early Middle Ages to the Renaissance.
Ross, Susan. The Castles of Scotland. London: G. Philip, 1973.
Saalman, Howard. Medieval Cities, Planning and Cities. New York: George Braziller, 1968. A concise treatment of the character and development of medieval cities with many plans and prints.
Simpson, W. Douglas. Castles in England and Wales. London: Batsford, 1969. The origin, development, and decline of castles and the part they played in the history of the British Isles told in a readable literary style. Begins with Scott’s Ivanhoe and enthusiasm for the Middle Ages; includes Penrhyn Castle and concludes with modern efforts at restoration.
Taylor, Arnold, ed. The Welsh Castles of Edward I. London: Ronceverte, WV: Hambledon Press, 1986. Originally published as Volume 1 and 2 of History of the King’s Works, in 1963, a series emphasizing documentary history, edited by H. M. Colvin.
Taylor, Robert R. The Castles of the Rhine, Recreating the Middle Ages in Modern Germany. Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1998. A study of the political and economic implications of castles in their own time and for nineteenth - and twentieth-century Germany.
Thompson, A. Hamilton. Military Architecture in England During the Middle Ages. London: Henry Froude, Oxford University Press, 1912. An excellent early attempt to write a systematic history of castles from a military point of view; includes extensive quotations from original documents, illustrated with drawings and some photographs.
Thompson, Michael. The Medieval Hall: The Basis of Secular Domestic Life, 600-1600 AD. Aldershot, UK: Scolar Press; Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Publishing Co., 1995. The design and function of domestic architecture.
-. The Rise of the Castle. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press,
1991. The origins of castle design, 449-1066; a social history.
Thompson, Michael Welman. The Decline of the Castle. Cambridge, UK, and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987. Sequel to The Rise of the Castle. Surveys the period of 1485-1714.
Toy, Sidney. A History of Fortification from 3000 B. C. to A. D. 1700. New York: Macmillan, 1955. The standard history of castles, fortifications, and sieges.
Tuulse, Armin. Castles of the Western World. Translated by R. P. Girdwood. London: Thames and Hudson, 1958. Survey of the castles of Europe; with an emphasis on military aspects of castles; many useful plans and reconstruction drawings and black-and-white photographs; includes lesser known
Castles in Switzerland, Low Countries, Scandinavia, and Finland as well as England, France, Italy, and Germany.
Warner, Philip. The Medieval Castle; Life in a Fortress in Peace and War. London: Barker, 1971. A volume in the series “Medieval Life.” The art and science of war.
Woolgar, C. M. The Great Household in Late Medieval England. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999. A recent social study; invaluable for an understanding of the uses of castles and the requirements of castle design; carefully documented.
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