Bibliography

Primary Sources

For John Dumbleton, Richard Kilvington, Richard Swineshead, Thomas Bradwardine, Walter Burley, and William Heytesbury, see articles on these individual authors. There are extensive outlines in Latin ofJohn Dumbleton, Summa logicae et philosophiae naturalis, Books II-VI, Roger Swineshead, Descriptiones motuum or De motibus naturalibus, Richard Swineshead, Liber calculationum, and Walter Burley, Tractatus primus and Tractatus secundus in Sylla E (1970, 1991) The Oxford Calculators and the mathematics of motion, 1320-1350. Physics and measurement by latitudes, Harvard PhD dissertation, reprint Garland Publishing Cited in this Article

Kilvington Richard (early 1320s/1990) Sophismata. In: Kretzmann N, Kretzmann BE (eds and trans) The sophismata of Richard Kilvington, text volume Oxford University Press, Oxford, for the British Academy; volume with introduction, translation and commentary, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Swineshead Richard (ca. 1345) Liber calculationum. Printed many times in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, including Padua, ca. 1477; Pavia, 1498; Salamanca, 1520; and Venice, 1520 Swineshead Roger (1977) Obligationes in Paul V. Spade Roger Swyneshed’s Obligationes: edition and comments. AHDLMA 44:243-285

Swineshead Roger (1979) Insolubilia in Paul V. Spade, Roger Swyneshed’s Insolubilia: edition and comments. AHDLMA 46:177-220

Secondary Sources

Bottin F (1985) The Mertonians’ metalinguistic sciences and the Insolubilia. In: Lewry O (ed) The rise of British logic. Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, Toronto. Includes Roger Swyneshed Although he probably was not a Mertonian Clagett M (1959) The science ofmechanics in the Middle Ages. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. Includes many texts and translations From the more physical of the works of the Oxford Calculators Coleman J (1975) Jean de Ripa, OFM, and the Oxford Calculators. Mediaeval Stud 37:130-189

De Libera A (1990) La developpement de nouveaux instruments conceptuels et leur utilisation dans la philosophie de la nature au XIVe siecle. In: Asztalos M, Murdoch J, Niiniluoto I (eds) Knowledge and the sciences in medieval philosophy, vol 1. Yliopistopaino, Helsinki, pp 158-197

Jung-Palczewska E (2000) Works by Richard Kilvington. AHDLMA 67:181-223

Kaluza Z (1978) Thomas de Cracovie: Contribution a l’histoire du college de la Sorbonne. Ossolineum, Wroclaw Kaye J (1998) Economy and nature in the fourteenth century. Money, market exchange, and the emergence ofscientific thought. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, for the calculators, see pp 165-167 Livesey S (1986) The Oxford ‘‘Calculatores,’’ quantification of qualities, and Aristotle’s prohibition of ‘‘metabasis.’’ Vivarium 24:50-69 Molland G (1968) The geometrical background to the ‘Merton School,’ Brit J Hist Sci 4:108-125

Murdoch JE, Sylla ED (1976) Swineshead (Swyneshed, Suicet, etc.), Richard. In: Gillispie CC (ed) Dictionary of scientific biography, vol XIII. Charles Scribner’s, New York, pp 184-213; Sylla E supplement (2008), Complete dictionary of scientific biography, vol 24. pp 562-563; available online through Gale Virtual Reference Library Spade PV (1982) Three theories of obligationes: Burley, Kilvington and Swyneshed on counterfactual reasoning. Hist Philos Logic 3:1-32 Spade PV (2003) Medieval theories of obligationes. In: Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. Http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/obligationes/ (Compares the ideas on obligations of Burley and Swyneshed)

Spade PV (2005) Insolubles. In: Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy.

Http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/insolubles/

Sylla ED (1970/1991) The Oxford Calculators and the mathematics of motion, 1320-1350. Physics and measurement by latitudes. Harvard University dissertation. Now published in Harvard university dissertations in history of science with a new preface. Garland, New York/ London

Sylla ED (1973) Medieval concepts of the latitude of forms: the Oxford calculators. AHDLMA 40:223-283

Sylla ED (1982) The Oxford Calculators. In: Kretzmann N, Kenny A, Pinborg J (eds) The Cambridge history oflater medieval philosophy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 540-563 Sylla ED (1986a) The fate of the Oxford calculatory tradition. In: Wenin C (ed) L’Homme et Son Univers au Moyen age. Actes du septieme congrj's international de philosophie mjedijevale (30 aout-4 septembre 1982. Philosophes Medievaux, vol 27). Editions de l’Institut Superieur de Philosophie, Louvain-la-Neuve, pp 692-698 Sylla ED (1986b) Galileo and the Oxford Calculatores: analytical languages and the mean-speed theorem for accelerated motion. In: Wallace WA (ed) Reinterpreting Galileo. Studies in philosophy and the history of philosophy, vol 15. Catholic University of America Press, Washington, pp 53-108

Sylla ED (1987a) Mathematical physics and imagination in the work of the Oxford Calculators: Roger Swineshead’s on natural motions. In: Grant E, Murdoch J (eds) Mathematics and its application to science and natural philosophy in the Middle Ages. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 69-101

Sylla ED (1987b) The Oxford Calculators in context. Sci Context 1:257279

Sylla ED (1989) Alvarus Thomas and the role of logic and calculations in sixteenth century natural philosophy. In: Caroti S (ed) Studies in medieval natural philosophy, (Biblioteca di Nuncius, Studi e Testi I). Leo S. Olschki, Florence, pp 257-298 Sylla ED (1991) The Oxford Calculators and mathematical physics: John Dumbleton’s Summa logicae et philosophiae naturalis, Parts II and III. In: Unguru S (ed) Physics, cosmology, and astronomy. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 129-161

Sylla ED (2004) Mathematics in the Liber de Triplici Motu of Alvarus Thomas of Lisbon. In: Saraiva L, Leitao H (eds) The practice of mathematics in Portugal. Acta Universitatis Conimbricensis. Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, pp 109-161 Thakkar M (2007) The Oxford Calculators. Oxford Today 19(3):24-26 Wallace WA (1969) The ‘Calculatores’ in early sixteenth-century physics. Brit J Hist Sci 4(3):221-232

Weisheipl JA (1968) Ockham and some Mertonians. Medieval Stud 30:151-175

Weisheipl JA (1969) Repertorium Mertonense. Medieval Stud 31:174224. Lists manuscripts of the works of the Oxford Calculators Wilson C (1960) William Heytesbury: medieval logic and the rise of modern physics. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison