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 Roman Silver Coins 
 Roman Silver Coins Rotographic Publications Author: Richard Plant 2006 Pages: 100 Format: PDF Size: 4 mb Language: English For the first time, the most commonly encountered silver Roman coins can be inexpensively identified and some idea of value can be gained. Whether you are setting out to form a collection of every emperor or are already an experienced Roman Coin collector, you will not be able to put this book down! The line drawings of most obverse types mean that the legend is clear and readable in the book, and it makes a great aid to identification, as does the alphabetical list of emperors/empresses in the back of the book. This book includes an identification guide for republican coins, instructions on cleaning Roman silver coins and a list of Roman mint town mintmarks. It also includes an alphabetical list of Emperors/Caesars/Empresses and information of Roman coin grading. The book is ordered chronologically, and with the introduction of different coin types clearly mentioned, together with some historical notes, it also gives an easy to follow explanation of the Roman silver coinage and how it changed over 750 years.
Swords of the Viking Age
 Swords of the Viking Age Author: Ian Peirce 2002 Pages: 160 Format: PDF (OCR) Size: 30,3 MB Language: English
Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism
 Author: James K. Hoffmeier Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism Oxford University Press 2015 Format: PDF Size: 19.9 Mb Language: English Pharaoh Akhenaten, who reigned for seventeen years in the fourteenth century B.C.E, is one of the most intriguing rulers of ancient Egypt. His odd appearance and his preoccupation with worshiping the sun disc Aten have stimulated academic discussion and controversy for more than a century. Despite the numerous books and articles about this enigmatic figure, many questions about Akhenaten and the Atenism religion remain unanswered. In Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism, James K. Hoffmeier argues that Akhenaten was not, as is often said, a radical advocating a new religion, but rather a primitivist: that is, one who reaches back to a golden age and emulates it. Akhenaten's inspiration was the Old Kingdom (2650-2400 B.C.E.), when the sun-god Re/Atum ruled as the unrivaled head of the Egyptian pantheon. Hoffmeier finds that Akhenaten was a genuine convert to the worship of Aten, the sole creator God, based on the Pharoah's own testimony of a theophany, a divine encounter that launched his monotheistic religious odyssey. The book also explores the Atenist religion's possible relationship to Israel's religion, offering a close comparison of the hymn to the Aten to Psalm 104, which has been identified by scholars as influenced by the Egyptian hymn. Through a careful reading of key texts, artworks, and archaeological studies, Hoffmeier provides compelling new insights into a religion that predated Moses and Hebrew monotheism, the impact of Atenism on Egyptian religion and politics, and the aftermath of Akhenaten's reign.
The Language of Empire: Rome and the Idea of Empire From the Third Century BC to the Second Century AD
 The Language of Empire: Rome and the Idea of Empire From the Third Century BC to the Second Century AD Cаmbridge Univеrsity Prеss Author: John Richardson 2009 Pages: 230 Format: PDF Size: 1 mb Language: English The Roman Empire has been an object of fascination for the past two millennia, and the story of how a small city in central Italy came to dominate the whole of the Mediterranean basin, most of modern Europe and the lands of Asia Minor and the Middle East, has often been told. It has provided the model for European empires from Charlemagne to Queen Victoria and beyond, and is still the basis of comparison for investigators of modern imperialisms. By an exhaustive investigation of the changing meanings of certain key words and their use in the substantial remains of Roman writings and in the structures of Roman political life, this book seeks to discover what the Romans themselves thought about their imperial power in the centuries in which they conquered the known world and formed the empire of the first and second centuries AD. Examines the language and the institutions of the Romans during the period in which they conquered the known world and created their empire. Changes in the meaning of some key words enable us to bypass modern assumptions about empire and discover what the Romans themselves thought they were doing.
The Vikings
 The Vikings (World History) Author: Don Nardo 2011 Lucent Books Format: PDF Size: 12 Mb Pages: 112 ISBN: 1420503162 Language: English For the people of Europe in the early medieval era, the story of the Vikings was one of unexpected and naked violence, of the triumph of the strong and ruthless, and of the suffering of the weak and innocent. The prelude to this epic tale of woe was rooted in late ancient times. In the final century of the Roman Empire, spanning the 400s A.D., tribal peoples from across northern Europe began migrating. Searching for new lands, economic opportunities, and often simply booty, they steadily invaded, overran, and absorbed the empire’s outlying provinces. As a result, in the year 476 that realm officially ceased to exist.
Invisible Romans: Prostitutes, outlaws, slaves, gladiators, ordinary men and women ... the Romans that history forgot
 Author: Robert Knapp Invisible Romans: Prostitutes, outlaws, slaves, gladiators, ordinary men and women ... the Romans that history forgot Profile Books 2011 Format: pdf/epub/mobi Size: 14.9 Mb Language: English Robert Knapp seeks out the ordinary people who formed the fabric of everyday life in ancient Rome and the outlaws and pirates who lay beyond it. They are the housewives, prostitutes, freedmen, slaves, soldiers, and gladiators who lived commonplace lives and left almost no trace in history - until now. But their words are preserved in literature, letters, inscriptions and graffiti and their traces can be found in the histories, treatises, plays and poetry created by the elite. A world lost from view for two millennia is recreated through these, and other, tell-tale bits of evidence cast off by the visible mass of Roman history and culture.
Amulets of Ancient Egypt
 Author:Carol Andrews Amulets of Ancient Egypt Trustees of the British Museum 1994 Format: pdf Size: 12.7 MB Language: English Amulets are ornaments believed to endow the wearer by magical means with the properties they represent. They were first made in Egypt as early as 4000 BC and were essential adornments for both the living and the dead. Crafted from gold and silver, semiprecious stones, and less valuable materials, they are fine examples of Egyptian art as well as a source of evidence for religious beliefs. In this book, Carol Andrews offers the first comprehensive account of the types of amulets made, their symbolism, and their protective powers. An amuletic foot could be worn to ensure fleetness of foot, a hand for dexterity.
The Battle That Stopped Rome
 The Battle That Stopped Rome Author: Peter S. Wells W. W. Norton & Co ISBN: 0393020282 2003 Language: English Pages: 273 Format: PDF Size: 31,8 mb In AD 9, a Roman traitor led an army of barbarians who trapped and slaughtered three entire Roman legions: 20, 000 men, half the Roman army in Europe. If not for this battle, the Roman Empire would have expanded to the River Elbe and probably eastward into present-day Russia. But after this defeat, shocked Romans ended all efforts to expand beyond the Rhine. This narrative introduces us to the key protagonists: the Emperor Augustus, the most powerful of the Caesars; his general Varus, who was the wrong man in the wrong place; and the barbarian leader Arminius, later celebrated as the first German hero. In graphic detail, based on archeological finds, the author leads the reader through the mud and blood of the Battle of Teutoburg Forest.
Time Frame AD 200-600 - Empires Besieged
 Author: Collective Time Frame AD 200-600 - Empires Besieged Time-Life Books 1988 Format: PDF Pages: 183 Language: English Size: 43.1 MB Includes material on the Sassanids of Persia, the Guptas of India, the Moche of Peru, and the Zapotecs of Mexico.
Ancient Armies of the Middle East
 Author: T.Wise Ancient Armies of the Middle East (Men-ft-Arms 109) Osprey Publishing Ltd. 1981 Format: Pdf Size: 10 Mb Language: English
Anatolia - Cauldron of Cultures
 Author: Collective Anatolia - Cauldron of Cultures (Lost Civilizations Series) Time-Life Books 1995 Format: PDF Pages: 174 Language: English Size: 26.7 MB A fine series entry that deals with the variety of peoples and cultures in Anatolia, or modern Turkey. Chatal Hoyuk, in what is now south central Turkey, was excavated in the early 1960s and turned out to be one of the very first places that could be called a city. The excavators found evidence of a well-established agriculture, trade, and religion, all dating back to near the end of the Stone Age. Other archaeologists' efforts in Turkey have resulted in the discovery of the ancient empire of the Hittites, lost to history for centuries. These and several other little-known and understood civilizations are described. Numerous full-color photographs and illustrations add an extra dimension to the text. Readers with a background in ancient civilizations of the Near East will most benefit from this book.
A New History of the Peloponnesian War
 Author: Donald Kagan A New History of the Peloponnesian War Cornell University Press 2013 Format: PDF Size: 125.7 Mb Language: English A New History of the Peloponnesian War is an ebook-only omnibus edition that includes all four volumes of Donald Kagan's acclaimed account of the war between Athens and Sparta (431–404 B.C.): The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War, The Archidamian War, The Peace of Nicias and the Sicilian Expedition, and The Fall of the Athenian Empire. Reviewing the four-volume set in The New Yorker, George Steiner wrote, "The temptation to acclaim Kagan's four volumes as the foremost work of history produced in North America in the twentieth century is vivid. . . . Here is an achievement that not only honors the criteria of dispassion and of unstinting scruple which mark the best of modern historicism but honors its readers."
Heraclius, Emperor of Byzantium
 Author: Walter E. Kaegi Heraclius, Emperor of Byzantium Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521814596 2003 Format: PDF Size: 17,4 МБ Language: English Pages: 372 This book evaluates the life and empire of the pivotal yet controversial Byzantine emperor Heraclius (ad. 610-641), a contemporary of the Prophet Muhammad. His stormy war-torn reign is critical for understanding the background to fundamental changes in the Balkans and the Middle East, including the emergence of Islam. Heraclius' skills enabled him to capture and recapture important territory, including Jerusalem, Syria and Egypt. Yet, they proved to be of little value when he confronted early Islamic conquests.
The Roman Navy: Ships, Men & Warfare 380 BC-AD 475
 Author: Michael Pitassi The Roman Navy: Ships, Men & Warfare 380 BC-AD 475 Seaforth Publishing ISBN: 1408844362 2012 Format: EPUB Pages: 224 Size: 21 Mb Language: English The Roman Navy was remarkable for its size, reach and longevity. As significant as the Royal Navy was to the British Empire in the nineteenth century, the Roman Navy was crucial to the extraordinary expansion of Imperial power and for its maintenance over a period of more than 800 years. The fabric and organization of this maritime force is at the core of this new book.At the height of its power the Roman Navy was, at least in numerical terms, the largest maritime force ever to have existed. It employed tens of thousands of sailors and maintained and fought fleets of ships larger than any forces since. In these pages the author looks at all the aspects of the Navy in turn. Shipbuilding, rigs and fittings, and shipboard weaponry are covered as are all the principal ship from the earliest types to the very last. The command structure is outlined, as are all aspects of the crews' lives, their recruitment, terms of service, training and uniforms.
Legions of Rome: The Definitive History of Every Imperial Roman Legion
 Author: Stephen Dando-Collins Legions of Rome: The Definitive History of Every Imperial Roman Legion Thomas Dunne Books 2012 Format: pdf/epub Size: 12.5 Mb Language: English The complete history of every Imperial Roman legion and what it achieved as a fighting force, by an award-winning historian. In this landmark publication, Stephen Dando-Collins does what no other author has ever attempted to do: provide a complete history of every Imperial Roman legion. Based on thirty years of meticulous research, he covers every legion of Rome in rich detail. In the first part of the book, the author provides a detailed account of what the legionaries wore and ate, what camp life was like, what they were paid, and how they were motivated and punished. Part two examines the histories of all the legions that served Rome for three hundred years starting in 30 BC. The book's final section is a sweeping chronological survey of the campaigns in which the armies were involved, told from the point of view of the legions. Featuring more than 150 maps, photographs, diagrams and battle plans, Legions of Rome is an essential read for ancient history enthusiasts, military history experts and general readers alike.
Genghis Khan and the Mongol War Machine
 Author: Chris Peers Genghis Khan and the Mongol War Machine Pen and Sword 2015 Format: epub/pdf Size: 4.1 Mb Language: English As a soldier and general, statesman and empire-builder, Genghis Khan is an almost legendary figure. His remarkable achievements and his ruthless methods have given rise to a sinister reputation. As Chris Peers shows, in this concise and authoritative study, he possessed exceptional gifts as a leader and manager of men - he ranks among the greatest military commanders - but he can only be properly understood in terms of the Mongol society and traditions he was born into. So the military and cultural background of the Mongols, and the nature of steppe societies and their armies, are major themes of his book. He looks in detail at the military skills, tactics and ethos of the Mongol soldiers, and at the advantages and disadvantages they had in combat with the soldiers of more settled societies. His book offers a fascinating fresh perspective on Genghis Khan the man and on the armies he led.
The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
 Author: Ian Shaw The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt Oxford University Press 2004 ISBN: 0192804588 Language: English Pages: 550 Format: PDF Size: 27,15 МБ The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt uniquely covers 700,000 years of ancient Egypt, from c. 700,000 BC to AD 311. Following the story from the Egyptians' prehistoric origins to their conquest by the Persians, Greeks, and Romans, this book resurrects a fascinating society replete with remarkable historical information.
Late Roman Towns in Britain: Rethinking Change and Decline
 Late Roman Towns in Britain: Rethinking Change and Decline Author: Adam Rogers 2011 ISBN: 1107008441 Pages: 250 Language: English Format: PDF (E-book) Size: 6 MB In this book, Adam Rogers examines the late Roman phases of towns in Britain. Critically analysing the archaeological notion of decline, he focuses on public buildings, which played an important role, administrative and symbolic, within urban complexes. Arguing against the interpretation that many of these monumental civic buildings were in decline or abandoned in the later Roman period, he demonstrates that they remained purposeful spaces and important centres of urban life. Through a detailed assessment of the archaeology of late Roman towns, this book argues that the archaeological framework of decline does not permit an adequate and comprehensive understanding of the towns during this period. Moving beyond the idea of decline, this book emphasises a longer-term perspective for understanding the importance of towns in the later Roman period.
The Armies and Enemies of Imperial Rome
 The Armies and Enemies of Imperial Rome Author: Phil Barker Wargames Research Group ISBN: 0904417182 1981 Pages: 147 Language: English Format: PDF Size: 26 MB Phil Barker is one of the major figures in the development of the modern hobby of tabletop wargaming, particularly that of ancient warfare, and is a co-founder of the Wargames Research Group.
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World History
