Gabinius, Aulus (d. 48 b. c.e.) Legate, tribune, and consul in 58 B. C.E., and a loyal supporter of Pompey Gabinius proposed in 67 b. c.e. that pompey should receive greater powers to crush the pirates so common in the Mediterranean region. From 66 to 63 b. c.e. he served as a legate of Pompey and in 58 secured for himself a consulship, aiding clodius in the exile of cicero. In 57, Gabinius was given the powerful governorship of Syria, where he ruled effectively until 54. The supremacy of Jerusalem was ended when Gabinius broke apart the Jewish territories into five districts, with equal capitals at Jerusalem, Amathus, Jericho, Sepphoris, and Gazara. He next aided the Parthian claimant mithridates iii of parthia in his battle with his brother orodes, but soon turned to restore ptolemy xii auletes to the Egyptian throne. Ptolemy promised a rich reward for Gabinius’s aid, and the governor marched into the Egyptian kingdom and forced the inhabitants to take back the ruler that they had just expelled.
In 55 B. C.E., Gabinius refused to step down from office in favor of a legate of crassus, one of the triumvirs, and soon came under attack from opponents in Rome. His administration in Syria had earned him enemies, and the bribe supposedly paid him by Ptolemy made him liable for trial on the charge of MAIESTAS, or treason. Pom-pey demanded that he be defended by cicero, his enemy. Gabinius was initially acquitted of the charges but was convicted and exiled in 54. At the outbreak of the civil WAR Gabinius found a new patron in Julius caesar, who gave him command over land forces. Gabinius took control of Salonae, holding it against the Pompeians for some time. He was killed in 48 b. c.e., in a plague that ravaged the city.
Gabinius, P (d. after 41 c. e.) Legate during the reign of Emperor Claudius
Gabinius defeated the couchi, a little known Germanic tribe, in 41 c. E. This victory was important because it coincided with the victory by Sulpicius Galba over another Germanic tribe, the Chatti. During his campaign, Gabinius recovered the last imperial eagle taken by the Germans in 9 c. e. in the Teutoburg Forest, where the cheruscan leader Arminius inflicted a devastating defeat on the Roman army.
Gaetulia Region in africa, just south of Mauretania and Numidia, extending westward to the Atlantic. In 46 B. C.E., Gaetulia belonged to the kingdom of JUBA I, but Publius Sittius invaded the region and thus halted the ruler’s planned march to join the Pompeian remnants in their battle against Julius caesar. The Gaetulians honored caesar and joined in his cause. Juba turned back, and caesar proved victorious. Augustus returned the territory to JUBA II in 25 B. C.E. In 6 c. e., however, the Gaetulians revolted against the king and cried for Roman occupation, and brought war to the neighboring communities. cornelius crassus subdued them, and henceforth Gaetu-lia was under Rome’s control. The Gaetulians were probably the first of the Berbers.
Gaius (c. 110-180 c. e.) One of the earliest imperial Jurists
Gaius authored numerous important legal works that became influential in the later years of the Roman Empire. He probably came from the East, either Greece or Asia, going to Rome later, perhaps during the reign of Hadrian (117-138 c. e.). He seems to have had a vast knowledge of Asia Minor and Greece but became a noted instructor in Rome. Gaius composed treatises on civil law, including Rerum cotidianarum in seven volumes, and examinations of other legal topics. His greatest contribution was the Institutes, four books on all of the laws governing men and society. Although completed circa 161, the books did not bring him honor among his contemporaries, and he was all but forgotten until the fifth century, when his writings served as the basis for the Institutes of Justinian. Gaius’s Institutes survived nearly intact in a manuscript discovered in Verona in 1816.
See also law.
World History
