Sheikh Said it was a site south of el-bersha in central Egypt. The region served as an Old Kingdom (2575-2134 b. c.e.) necropolis for the local populace. nomarch tombs were discovered in sheikh said, which also served the territory of hatnub.
Shemau An Egyptian name for the Upper Kingdom, the southern portion of Egypt.
Shemay (fl. 22nd century b. c.e.) Official of the Eighth Dynasty
Shemsu-Heru See followers of horus.
Shena An addition made to the PERO, or royal residence, in the Twelfth Dynasty (1991-1783 b. c.e.) era and repeated as an architectural design element in later historical periods, the shena was a structure designed to offer court servants housing and kitchen areas. The khenty, a similar structure designed to serve high-ranking officials, was also initiated in this dynastic period.
Shendyt A kilt-like skirt worn by pharaohs and, in a modified form, by officials and commoners, the shendyt underwent fashionable changes, particularly in the New Kingdom (1550-1070 b. c.e.), forming a distinctive angular style. A central tab design was also used as a decoration.
See also dress.
Shennu it was the cartouche used by the pharaohs to display their hieroglyphic royal names. The original symbol associated with this cartouche design was the shen, an insignia portraying the sun’s orbit. This was a long circle, elongating into an oval frame. The eternal powers of the god RE were thus displayed, representing the patronage of that deity in each dynasty.
Shepenwepet (1) (fl. eighth century b. c.e.) Princess of the Twenty-third Dynasty and a God’s Wife of Amun She was the daughter of osorkon iii (r. 777-749 b. c.e.) and Queen karaotjet and was given titles of religious power as the God’s Wife of Amun, a Divine Adoratrice of Amun. Shepenwepet was also called the Consort of Hor, the Prophetess of Amun, and the Seeress of Montu. She “adopted” her successor, amenirdis (1), the sister of Piankhi (1) (750-712 b. c.e.). Her tomb chapel was erected in karnak.
Shepenwepet (2) (fl. seventh century b. c.e.) Princess of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty and a God’s Wife of Amun She was the sister of shebitku (r. 698-690 b. c.e.) and was “adopted” by amenirdis to be eligible for this role. In the reign of taharqa (690-664 b. c.e.), Shepenwepet “adopted” Amenirdis (2) but was forced in 656 b. c.e. by PSAMMATICHUS I (r. 664-610 b. c.e.) to place his daughter, NITOCRIS (2), into the office, bypassing Amenirdis (2). Shepenwepet had a tomb at karnak.
Shepseskare (Ini) (d. 2419 b. c.e.) Fourth ruler of the Fifth Dynasty
He reigned from 2426 b. c.e. until his death. He is also listed as Ini. Shepseskare was the successor of kakai (Neferirkare). He is not well known and his reign was brief. Seal impressions bearing his name were found in ABUSIR, where he started but did not complete a pyramidal tomb.
Shepseskhaf (d. 2467 b. c.e.) Last ruler of the Fourth Dynasty
He reigned from 2472 b. c.e. until his death, the son of MENKAURE. Shepseskhaf completed his father’s monuments and reportedly feuded with the priests of various temples over doctrines. He also married bunefer and had a son, Djedefptah, who is sometimes listed as Thamptis. His sister was Khentakawes. Khama’at was his daughter, who married Ptahshepses, the high priest of Memphis. Shepseskhaf erected a tomb in southern saqqara, called MASTABAT el-fara’un, “the Pharaoh’s Bench.” Rectangular in design, this mastaba was unfinished and was never used.
Sherden Pirates They were a group of sea-roving marauders on the Mediterranean coast during the New Kingdom (1550-1070 b. c.e.). In the Nineteenth Dynasty, they began raiding the Egyptian Delta. A stela from tanis stated: “none were able to stand before them.” ramesses iii (r. 1194-1163 b. c.e.) defeated the Sherden Pirates and incorporated them into his military forces. carrying round shields and large swords, some of these buccaneers became Ramesses Ill’s personal guards. They received land grants in repayment. Rameses II (r. 1290-1224 b. c.e.) also fought the Sherden Pirates.
See also sea peoples.
Shere (fl. 25th century b. c.e.) Mortuary complex official of the Fourth Dynasty
He served as a mortuary priest for the tombs of sendji and PERIBSEN of the Second Dynasty (2700-2649 b. c.e.), whose royal mortuary cults were still active. A slab from Shere’s tomb was reportedly recovered and taken to England in the reign of King Charles II.
Sheshi (1) (Mayebre) (d. c. 1600 b. c.e.) Second ruler of the Asiatic Fifteenth Dynasty, the Great Hyksos He ruled from the capital of avaris in the Delta region, a contemporary of the Seventeenth Dynasty of Thebes. His throne name was translated as “Just is the Heart of RE.” Sheshi’s seals were found throughout Lower Egypt as far south as the third cataract of the Nile in Nubia (modern Sudan). He was a successor of salitis, the founder of the dynasty, and he was listed in the TURIN CANON.
Sheshi (2) See ANKH-MA-HOR.
Shesmetet She was a lioness goddess dating to the Early Dynastic Period (2920-2575 b. c.e.), a form of the deity bastet. She was popular especially in the reign of DJOSER (2630-2611 b. c.e.), and her girdle served as a powerful talisman.
Sheshmu An ancient Egyptian deity associated with the olive and grape presses, he played a singular role in the inscription of the pyramidal tombs of UNIS (r. 2356-2323 b. c.e.) at saqqara. Sheshmu is recorded in the CANNIBAL HYMN discovered in that tomb, as pressing the gods of Egypt, cooking them along with ancestors of the pharaoh, and then presenting them to Unis. No shrine or cultic monuments to Sheshmu have survived.
Sheta This was the ancient Egyptian word for a mystery or a hidden secret. All matter was supposed to contain shetau akhet, truly hidden powers. A shetai was a hidden god, or something completely incomprehensible. The ISIS cult was particularly shetai, noted for its mysteries. The hieroglyphs describing such enigmatic spiritual matters can be translated only by using phonetic values as clarifiers.
Shipwrecked Sailor See tale of the shipwrecked
SAILOR.
Shomu (shemu) A season of the Egyptian calendar, it was celebrated following akhet and proyet each year. Shomu was the time of harvests, comprising four months of 30 days each.
Shoshenq I (Hedjkheperre’setepenre) (d. 924 b. c.e.) Founder of the Libyan Twenty-second Dynasty He ruled from 945 b. c.e. until his death. Shoshenq I was the son of the Libyan leader Nimlot, and the nephew of OSORKOR (r. 984-978 b. c.e.), and was based in BUBASTIS. Called “the Great Chief of the meshwesh,” the Libyans residing in Egypt’s Delta, he served psusennes ii (r. 959-945 b. c.e.) and married the ruler’s daughter, ma’atkare (2).
Having served as the commander of Egypt’s military forces, Shoshenq I united thebes and tanis, the capital. He fought in Canaan and took the city of Jerusalem. At Ar-Megiddo he erected a stela and renewed ties with Babylon. In Egypt, he built in karnak and reopened the quarries at gebel el-silsileh. The bubastite portal at Karnak records his military exploits. He also erected a cenotaph for his father at abydos. He is probably the Shishas of the Old Testament.
Having three sons, iuput, nimlot, and Djedptahau-fankh, Shoshenq I used them politically. He made Iuput the high priest of amun and the governor of Upper Egypt. Nimlot was made commander of herakleopolis, and Djedptahaufankh became third prophet of Amun. A second consort, karomana, was the mother of Shoshenq I’s heir, osorkon i. A daughter, Ta’apenes, was married to the Edomite prince Hadad, who had been given refuge in Egypt. Another consort of Shoshenq I was Queen pen-RESHNAS, a Libyan aristocrat.
Shoshenq I was buried in tanis. His coffin, made of silver and decorated with a hawk’s head, was discovered in an antechamber of the tomb of Psusennes I. The mummy within his coffin was undisturbed but destroyed by dampness. A calcite canopic chest was also recovered.
Shoshenq II (Hegakheperre’setepenre) (d. 883 b. c.e.) Fourth ruler of the Twenty-second Dynasty, reigning only one year
He was the son of osorkon i and Queen ma’atkare (3) and possibly the high priest of Amun at Thebes, for a time, called Shoshenq Meryamun. Osorkon I made him coruler of Egypt, but Shoshenq II died suddenly of an infected head wound. He was survived by his son, har-SIESE, and his wife, Queen nesitanebetashru (1). Shoshenq II was buried in tanis but was moved to the tomb of Psussenes I when his own resting place flooded. He had two sarcophagi, one dating to the Thirteenth Dynasty (1783-1640 b. c.e.).
World History
